Wilms’ Tumor 1 Gene Expression as a Predictive Marker for Clinical Outcome of Acute Myeloid Leukemia in Iraqi Population: A Prospective Study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54133/ajms.v7i2.1410Keywords:
Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Measurable molecular marker, Prediction, Wilms' tumor gene 1Abstract
Background: Wilms' tumor gene 1 (WT1), a tumor-associated antigen (TAA), is expressed in many types of cancer. Most acute leukemia patients have a quantitatively detectable and strong expression of it. Objectives: To analyze WT1 expression levels as a predictor of clinical outcomes at the time of diagnosis of de novo leukemia and to monitor tumor progression during treatment. Methods: A total of 71 patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) were separated into two groups: twenty-nine de novo AML patients upon presentation and 25 with AML at the time of initial induction. The second induction included 17 AML patients and ten healthy volunteers who served as controls in this study. The WT1 gene was tested using a real-time PCR with the Cyber Green assay. Results: Patients with acute myeloid leukemia had considerably greater levels of WT1 gene expression than controls (27.3 vs. 5.5). In terms of clinical outcomes, WT1 gene overexpression was substantially related to non-responsive AML patients compared to complete response at diagnosis (27.3 vs. 22.15). However, there is no substantial difference between instances following induction. Conclusions: The WT1 tumor antigen may serve as an early diagnostic for acute leukemia prognosis. Improved clinical outcomes have been linked to reduced WT1 levels. A high amount, on the other hand, was linked to a poor prognosis for people with AML, although more research is needed.
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