Serological and Molecular Detection of Prevalence of Human Parvovirus (B19) in Beta Thalassemia Major Patients in Baghdad
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54133/ajms.v8i2(Special).1461Keywords:
Beta thalassemia major, Human Parvovirus B19, Prevalence, Phylogenetic analysisAbstract
Background: Beta thalassemia major (β-TM) is an inheritable condition with many complications, especially in children. The blood-borne viral infection was proposed as a risk factor due to the recurrent blood transfusion regimen (hemotherapy) as human parvovirus B19 (B19V). Objective: This study investigated the B19V seroprevalence, DNA presence, B19V viral load, and B19V genotypes in β-TM patients and blood donors. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study incorporating 180 subjects, segregated into three distinct groups each of 60 patients, namely control, β-TM, and β-TM infected with Hepatitis C Virus (HCV). For the B19V prevalence in the studied group, the ELISA technique and real-time PCR were used. The genotyping was followed by the resultant sequence. Results: Both B19V IgM and IgG antibody positivity rates are higher among β-TM patients compared to controls. The B19V IgM (35%) and B19V IgG (21.67%) antibodies positivity in β-TM patients compared to 23.3% and 18.33% positivity in the controls was significantly observed. The prevalence of B19V was (8.3%), and the viral copy number in β-TM patients ranged from ≥104– 106 copies/ml than in controls. The B19V genotype 1 subtype a was the only genotype according to the VP1-VP2 region (288 pb) in this study. Conclusions: The prevalence of B19V in patients may be higher than in controls. B19V screening in high-risk groups, such as blood donors, may considerably reduce the prevalence of B19V.
Downloads
References
Ganaie SS, Qiu J. Recent advances in replication and infection of human parvovirus B19. Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018;8:166. doi: 10.338977fcimb.2018.00166. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fcimb.2018.00166
Serjeant GR, Mason K, Topley JM, Serjeant BE, Pattison JR, Jones SE, et al. Outbreak of aplastic crises in sickle cell anaemia associated with parvovirus-like agent. Lancet. 1981;318(8247): 595–597. doi: 10.1016/s0140-6736(81)92739-2. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(81)92739-2
Feng S, Zeng D, Zheng J, Zhao D. New insights of human parvovirus B19 in modulating erythroid progenitor cell differentiation. Viral Immunol. 2020;33(8):539–549. doi: 10.1089/vim.2020.0013. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/vim.2020.0013
Slavov SN, Kashima S, Pinto AC, Covas DT. Human parvovirus B19: general considerations and impact on patients with sickle-cell disease and thalassemia and on blood transfusions. FEMS Immunol Med Microbiol. 2011;62(3):247-262. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00819.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-695X.2011.00819.x
de Dreuzy E, Bhukhai K, Leboulch P, Payen E. Current and future alternative therapies for beta-thalassemia major. Biomed J. 2016;39(1):24-38. doi: 10.1016/j.bj.2015.10.001. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bj.2015.10.001
Hamamy HA, Al-Allawi NA. Epidemiological profile of common haemoglobinopathies in Arab countries. J Community Genet. 2013;4(2):147-167. doi: 10.1007/s12687-012-0127-8. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12687-012-0127-8
Kadhim KA, Baldawi KH, Lami FH. Prevalence, incidence, trend, and complications of thalassemia in Iraq. Hemoglobin. 2017;41(3):164-168. doi: 10.1080/03630269.2017.1354877. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/03630269.2017.1354877
Lafta RK. Burden of thalassemia in Iraq. Public Health Open Access. 2023;7(1):1–7. doi: 10.23880/phoa-16000242. DOI: https://doi.org/10.23880/phoa-16000242
Al Taie AA, Ibraheem MA, Fadhil KB. Epstein-Barr virus infection in thalassemia patients related to blood group in Mosul / Iraq. Ann Trop Med Public Health. 2019;22(8):136–145. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36295/ASRO.2019.220815
Hussain Z, Jaber I. Prevalence and risk factors for hepatitis C virus in Beta thalassemic patients attending blood diseases center in Ibn-AL-Baladi Hospital, Baghdad. Al-Kindy CMJ. 2018;14(1):42–49. doi: 10.47723/kcmj.v14i1.17. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47723/kcmj.v14i1.17
Sadullah RK, Atroshi SD, Al-Allawi NA. Complications and challenges in the management of Iraqi patients with β-thalassemia major: A single-center experience. Oman Med J. 2020;35(4):e152. doi: 10.5001/omj.2020.72. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2020.72
Al-Ouqaili MTS, Majeed YH, Al-Ani SK. SEN virus genotype H distribution in β-thalassemic patients and in healthy donors in Iraq: Molecular and physiological study. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2020;14(6):e0007880. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007880. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0007880
Mustafa A, Hassan FM, Ahmed A, Yousif M, Elbager SG, Gaffer A. Genetic polymorphisms at BcL11A sites rs10184550 and rs7599488 in Sudanese sickle cell patients. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2024;17(1):551–555. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2881
Alshehri OM, Nahari MH, Hassan EE, Alqahtani MF, Awaji TH. Prevalence of ABO, Rh and KELL blood group types and transfusion-transmissible Infections (TTI) among blood donors in Najran City, Saudi Arabia. Biomed Pharmacol J. 2021;14(2):1065–1076. DOI: https://doi.org/10.13005/bpj/2210
Jain P, Jain A, Prakash S, Khan DN, Singh DD, Kumar A, et al. Prevalence and genotypic characterization of human parvovirus B19 in children with hemato-oncological disorders in North India. J Med Virol. 2015;87(2):303-309. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24028. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24028
Alnassar AWD, Shallal MJM. Serological study of human parvovirus (B19) detected among patients with thalassemia. J Popul Therap Clinic Pharmacol. 2023;30(9):e26–31. doi: 10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.09.004. DOI: https://doi.org/10.47750/jptcp.2023.30.09.004
Hussein MM, Hasan ASH, Kadem JI. The rate of parvovirus B19 infection among children with clinically suspected erythema infectiosum in Diyala Province, Iraq. Annals RSCB. 2021;25(3):4212–4226.
Abdelrahman D, Al-Sadeq DW, Smatti MK, Taleb SA, Abuodeh RO, Al-Absi ES, et al. Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of parvovirus (B19v) among blood donors with different nationalities residing in Qatar. Viruses. 2021;13(4):540. doi: 10.3390/v13040540. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/v13040540
Abdul Sadah RR, Al-Marsome HD. Detection of parvovirus B19 in B-thalassemia major patients by serological and molecular method. Medico-legal Update. 2020;20(4):2187–2191. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37506/mlu.v20i4.1941
Majeed HM. Detection of parvovirus B19 infection in thalassemic patients in Tikrit City, serological study. Medico-legal Update. 2020;20(1):287–291. DOI: https://doi.org/10.37506/mlu.v20i1.372
Mohammed ZM, Hwaid AH, Hasan ARSH. Seroprevalence of Parvovirus B19 Infection and its Attributable Factors Among Blood Donors in Diyala Governorates, Iraq. HIV Nursing. 2022;22(2):2880–2884.
Modrow S, Wenzel JJ, Schimanski S, Schwarzbeck J, Rothe U, Oldenburg J, et al. Prevalence of nucleic acid sequences specific for human parvoviruses, hepatitis A and hepatitis E viruses in coagulation factor concentrates. Vox Sang. 2011;100(4):351-358. doi: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01445.x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01445.x
Farahmand M, Tavakoli A, Ghorbani S, Monavari SH, Kiani SJ, Minaeian S. Molecular and serological markers of human parvovirus B19 infection in blood donors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Asian J Transfus Sci. 2021;15(2):212-222. doi: 10.4103/ajts.ajts_185_20. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4103/ajts.ajts_185_20
Zadsar M, Aghakhani A, Banifazl M, Kazemimanesh M, Tabatabaei Yazdi SM, Mamishi S, et al. Seroprevalence, molecular epidemiology and quantitation of parvovirus B19 DNA levels in Iranian blood donors. J Med Virol. 2018;90(8):1318-1322. doi: 10.1002/jmv.25195. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.25195
Seetha D, Pillai HR, Nori SRC, Kalpathodi SG, Thulasi VP, Nair RR. Molecular-genetic characterization of human parvovirus B19 prevalent in Kerala State, India. Virol J. 2021;18(1):96. doi: 10.1186/s12985-021-01569-1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s12985-021-01569-1
Keshavarz M, Janati-Namin N, Arjeini Y, Mokhtari-Azad T, Rezaei F. Prevalence and genotypic characterization of human parvovirus B19 in hemophilia patients. Iran J Microbiol. 2022;14(4):568-573. doi: 10.18502/ijm.v14i4.10244. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18502/ijm.v14i4.10244
Rezaei F, Sarshari B, Ghavami N, Meysami P, Shadab A, Salimi H, et al. Prevalence and genotypic characterization of Human Parvovirus B19 in children with measles- and rubella-like illness in Iran. J Med Virol. 2016;88(6):947-953. doi: 10.1002/jmv.24425. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jmv.24425
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 )
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Published by Al-Rafidain University College. This is an open access journal issued under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).
