Analyzing the Potential Antioxidative Effects of Omega-369 in Preventing Acetaminophen-Induced Liver Damage
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54133/ajms.v4i.126Keywords:
Omega-369, Liver toxicity, Acetaminophen, Antioxidant activityAbstract
Background: As acetaminophen (APAP) toxicity has become more common in many countries, related cases of poisoning, whether deliberate or unintentional, have been identified as a key contributor to acute liver failure. Aime: To discover if omega-369 fatty acids could protect the liver of male mice from the effects of acetamiophen. Methods: Thirty-five albino male mice were randomly assigned to one of five groups. Group 1 served as the "negative control" and received a single intraperitoneal injection (10 ml/kg) of normal saline on the eleventh day of the test following ten days of receiving liquid paraffin orally at a dose of 10 ml/kg. The liquid paraffin was given to group 2 "positive control". Group 3 received Omega 369 (50 mg/kg). Group 4 received Omega 369 (100 mg/kg). Group 5 received N-acetylcysteine (100 mg/kg). The mice were given Omega-369, N-acetylcysteine, and liquid paraffin via oral gavage for 10 days. Results: Group 2 had significantly lower levels of glutathione peroxidase (GP-X) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) than group 1, but significantly greater levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). GP-X and SOD levels were significantly higher in mice given the doses of omega-369, and N-acetylcysteine prior to acetaminophen administration, whereas MDA levels were significantly lower in groups 3, 4, and 5 when compared with group 2. Conclusion: Omega-369 fatty acids, when taken orally, exhibit antioxidative effects and may reduce the risk of acetaminophen-induced liver injury.
Downloads
References
Al-Rikabi AK, Alshawi NN. Impacts of simultaneous administration of omega-3 fatty acids with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid on albino rats' liver and bile. Int J Pharm Sci Rev Res. 2016;41(2):1-5.
Mahmood SK, Askar SJ. Study the hepatoprotective effects and oxidant-antioxidant status of beta vulgaris roots ethanolic extract in hepatotoxic rats induced by acetaminophen. Int J Health Sci. 2022;6(S5):1385-1403. doi: 10.53730/ijhs.v6nS5.8975. DOI: https://doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6nS5.8975
Hameed HA, Hassan AF. The prophylactic anti-inflammatory effect of omega-7 against paracetamol-induced liver injury in rats. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2022;46(2):43-7. doi: 10.30539/ijvm.v46i2.1412. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30539/ijvm.v46i2.1412
McGill MR, Jaeschke H. Metabolism and disposition of acetaminophen: recent advances in relation to hepatotoxicity and diagnosis. Pharm Res. 2013;30(9):2174-2187. doi: 10.1007/s11095-013-1007-6. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11095-013-1007-6
Zaher H, Buters JT, Ward JM, Bruno MK, Lucas AM, Stern ST, et al. Protection against acetaminophen toxicity in CYP1A2 and CYP2E1 double-null mice. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol. 1998;152(1):193-199. doi: 10.1006/taap.1998.8501. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1006/taap.1998.8501
Ramachandran A, Jaeschke H. Mechanisms of acetaminophen hepatotoxicity and their translation to the human pathophysiology. J Clin Transl Res. 2017;3(Suppl 1):157-169. doi: 10.18053/jctres.03.2017S1.002. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18053/jctres.03.2017S1.002
Ghanem CI, Pérez MJ, Manautou JE, Mottino AD. Acetaminophen from liver to brain: New insights into drug pharmacological action and toxicity. Pharmacol Res. 2016;109:119-131. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2016.02.020
Hamad ZM. Protective role of Nigella sativa oil on renal damage induced by acetaminophen in male rats. Iraqi J Vet Med. 2016;40(2):77-81. doi: 10.30539/iraqijvm.v40i2.116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.30539/iraqijvm.v40i2.116
Offor SJ, Amadi CN, Chijioke-Nwauche I, Manautou JE, Orisakwe OE. Potential deleterious effects of paracetamol dose regime used in Nigeria versus that of the United States of America. Toxicol Rep. 2022;9:1035-1044. doi: 10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.025. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxrep.2022.04.025
Tezcan AH, Ozturk O, Ustebay S, Adali Y, Yagmurdur H. The beneficial effects of ozone therapy in acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. Pharmacol Rep. 2018;70(2):340-345. doi: 10.1016/j.pharep.2017.11.003. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharep.2017.11.003
Lee JY, Lee SH, Kim HJ, Ha JM, Lee SH, Lee JH, et al. The preventive inhibition of chondroitin sulfate against the CCl4-induced oxidative stress of subcellular level. Arch Pharm Res. 2004;27(3):340-345. doi: 10.1007/BF02980070. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02980070
Noh JR, Kim YH, Hwang JH, Gang GT, Kim KS, Lee IK, et al. Davallialactone protects against acetaminophen overdose-induced liver injuries in mice. Food Chem Toxicol. 2013;58:14-21. doi: 10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.005. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fct.2013.04.005
Smilkstein MJ, Knapp GL, Kulig KW, Rumack BH. Efficacy of oral N-acetylcysteine in the treatment of acetaminophen overdose. Analysis of the national multicenter study (1976 to 1985). N Engl J Med. 1988;319(24):1557-1562. doi: 10.1056/NEJM198812153192401. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM198812153192401
Gurr MI, Harwood JL, (Eds.), Lipids as energy stores. Lipid Biochemistry: An Introduction. Boston, MA: Springer US; 1991. p. 119-61. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-3862-2_4
ALJuboury RA, Al-Shawi NN. Anti-obesity effect of simvastatin and omega-3 and its combination on obese model male Wistar rats: Effect of simvastatin, omega-3 and their combination on UCP1. Iraqi J Pharm Sci. 2022;31(2):101-112. doi: 10.31351/vol31iss2pp101-112. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31351/vol31iss2pp101-112
Alexander JW. Immunonutrition: the role of omega-3 fatty acids. Nutrition. 1998;14(7-8):627-633. doi: 10.1016/s0899-9007(98)00004-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0899-9007(98)00004-5
Alhusseiny SM, El-Beshbishi SN. Omega polyunsaturated fatty acids and parasitic infections: An overview. Acta Trop. 2020;207:105466. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105466. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actatropica.2020.105466
Elbossaty WF. Clinical influence of triple omega fatty acids (Omega-3, 6, 9). Biomed J Sci Tech Res. 2018;6(3):5332-5334. doi: 10.26717/BJSTR.2018.06.001365. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26717/BJSTR.2018.06.001365
Johnson M, Bradford C. Omega-3, omega-6 and omega-9 fatty acids: implications for cardiovascular and other diseases. J Glycomics Lipidomics. 2014;4(123):1-8. doi: 0.4172/2153-0637.1000123. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4172/2153-0637.1000123
Abdulwahid M, Zahid A, Kadhum M. Effect of vitamin E and cod liver oil supplement with bivalent oil based vaccine of newcastle disease and Infectious bronchitis disease on immune response of the broilers. Iraqi J of Agric Sci. 2016;47(3):892-899. doi: 10.36103/ijas.v47i3.582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.36103/ijas.v47i3.582
Nikravesh H, Khodayar MJ, Mahdavinia M, Mansouri E, Zeidooni L, Dehbashi F. Protective effect of gemfibrozil on hepatotoxicity induced by acetaminophen in mice: the importance of oxidative stress suppression. Adv Pharm Bull. 2018;8(2):331-339. doi: 10.15171/apb.2018.038. DOI: https://doi.org/10.15171/apb.2018.038
Gunnell D, Hawton K, Murray V, Garnier R, Bismuth C, Fagg J, et al. Use of paracetamol for suicide and non-fatal poisoning in the UK and France: are restrictions on availability justified? J Epidemiol Community Health. 1997;51(2):175-179. doi: 10.1136/jech.51.2.175. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/jech.51.2.175
Ostapowicz G, Fontana RJ, Schiødt FV, Larson A, Davern TJ, Han SH, et al. Results of a prospective study of acute liver failure at 17 tertiary care centers in the United States. Ann Intern Med. 2002;137(12):947-954. doi: 10.7326/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00007. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-137-12-200212170-00007
Mohamed Kamel GA, Harahsheh E, Hussein S. Diacerein ameliorates acetaminophen hepatotoxicity in rats via inhibiting HMGB1/TLR4/NF-κB and upregulating PPAR-γ signal. Mol Biol Rep. 2022;49(7):5863-5874. doi: 10.1007/s11033-022-07366-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11033-022-07366-5
Jin SE, Shin HK, Ha H. Hepatoprotective effects of Gamisoyo-san against acetaminophen-induced liver injuries. Integr Med Res. 2021;10(1):100466. doi: 10.1016/j.imr.2020.100466. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.imr.2020.100466
Al Humayed S, Al-Ani B, Shatoor AS, El Karib AO, Dallak M, Kamar SS, et al. Suppression of hepatic apoptosis induced by acetaminophen using a combination of resveratrol and quercetin: An association of oxidative stress and interleukin-11. Int J Morphol. 2020;38(1):83-90. doi: 10.4067/S0717-95022020000100083. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0717-95022020000100083
Lubos E, Loscalzo J, Handy DE. Glutathione peroxidase-1 in health and disease: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic opportunities. Antioxid Redox Signal. 2011;15(7):1957-1997. doi: 10.1089/ars.2010.3586. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1089/ars.2010.3586
Heshmati J, Morvaridzadeh M, Maroufizadeh S, Akbari A, Yavari M, Amirinejad A, et al. Omega-3 fatty acids supplementation and oxidative stress parameters: A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials. Pharmacol Res. 2019;149:104462. doi: 10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104462. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2019.104462
Firat O, Makay O, Yeniay L, Gokce G, Yenisey C, Coker A. Omega-3 fatty acids inhibit oxidative stress in a rat model of liver regeneration. Ann Surg Treat Res. 2017;93(1):1-10. doi: 10.4174/astr.2017.93.1.1. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4174/astr.2017.93.1.1
Raeeszadeh M, Saleh Hosseini SM, Amiri AA. Impact of co-administration of N-acetylcysteine and vitamin E on cyclophosphamide-induced ovarian toxicity in female rats. J Toxicol. 2022;2022:9073405. doi: 10.1155/2022/9073405. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/9073405
Cardia GFE, Silva-Comar FM, Silva EL, da Rocha EMT, Comar JF, Silva-Filho SE, et al. Lavender (Lavandula officinalis) essential oil prevents acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity by decreasing oxidative stress and inflammatory response. Res Soc Develop. 2021;10(3):e43410313461-e. doi: 10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13461. DOI: https://doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v10i3.13461
BinMowyna MN, AlFaris NA. Kaempferol suppresses acetaminophen-induced liver damage by upregulation/activation of SIRT1. Pharm Biol. 2021;59(1):146-156. doi: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1877734. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/13880209.2021.1877734
Solà R, La Ville AE, Richard JL, Motta C, Bargalló MT, Girona J, Masana L, Jacotot B. Oleic acid rich diet protects against the oxidative modification of high density lipoprotein. Free Radic Biol Med. 1997;22(6):1037-1045. doi: 10.1016/s0891-5849(96)00490-x. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-5849(96)00490-X
Turkmen R, Birdane YO, Demirel HH, Yavuz H, Kabu M, Ince S. Antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine against subchronic oral glyphosate-based herbicide-induced oxidative stress in rats. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2019;26(11):11427-11437. doi: 10.1007/s11356-019-04585-5. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-04585-5
Yan XT, Sun YS, Ren S, Zhao LC, Liu WC, Chen C, et al. Dietary α-mangostin provides protective effects against acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice via Akt/mTOR-mediated inhibition of autophagy and apoptosis. Int J Mol Sci. 2018;19(5):1335. doi: 10.3390/ijms19051335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms19051335
Samra YA, Hamed MF, El-Sheakh AR. Hepatoprotective effect of allicin against acetaminophen-induced liver injury: Role of inflammasome pathway, apoptosis, and liver regeneration. J Biochem Mol Toxicol. 2020;34(5):e22470. doi: 10.1002/jbt.22470. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/jbt.22470
Hwan J, Chang YH, Park JH, Kim SY, Chung H, Shim E, et al. Dietary saturated and monounsaturated fats protect against acute acetaminophen hepatotoxicity by altering fatty acid composition of liver microsomal membrane in rats. Lipids Health Dis. 2011;10:184. doi: 10.1186/1476-511X-10-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1476-511X-10-184
Kerksick C, Willoughby D. The antioxidant role of glutathione and N-acetyl-cysteine supplements and exercise-induced oxidative stress. J Int Soc Sports Nutr. 2005;2(2):38-44. doi: 10.1186/1550-2783-2-2-38. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/1550-2783-2-2-38
Ibrahim MA, Khudhair AR, AL-shawi NN. Possible protective effects of omega-3, diazepam and their combination against yohimbine-induced clonic seizure in mice: Comparative study. Iraqi J Pharm Sci. 2021;30(2):241-248. doi: 10.31351/vol30iss2pp241-248. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31351/vol30iss2pp241-248
Majeed IA, Al-Shawi NN. Effects of omega-3 co-administered with therapeutic dose of lornoxicam on male rats' liver. Iraqi J Pharm Sci. 2019;28(2):159-164. doi: 10.31351/vol28iss2pp159-164. DOI: https://doi.org/10.31351/vol28iss2pp159-164
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN: 2789-3219 )
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Published by Al-Rafidain University College. This is an open access journal issued under the CC BY-NC-SA 4.0 license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/).