Blockchain and Digital Healthcare: Promised Innovation or an Unfinished Revolution?

Authors

  • Valentino Natoli Department of Dentistry, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, European University of Madrid, 28670 Madrid, Spain
  • Antonio Tammacco Innovation Manager According to the Standard UNI 11814, Think Next Srl, Molfetta 70056, Italy
  • Francesco Mileti Department of Pediatrics, " Umberto I " Hospital, Fasano, (BR), Italy
  • Vincenzo Natoli Private Dental Practice, 72015 Fasano, Italy

Keywords:

Blockchain in medicine, Health care , Health insurance

Abstract

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References

Hasselgren A, Kralevska K, Gligoroski D, Pedersen SA, Faxvaag A. Blockchain in healthcare and health sciences-A scoping review. Int J Med Inform. 2020;134:104040. doi: 10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2019.104040.

O'Donoghue O, Vazirani AA, Brindley D, Meinert E. Design choices and trade-offs in health care blockchain implementations: Systematic review. J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(5):e12426. doi: 10.2196/12426.

Sivasankari B, Varalakshmi P. Blockchain and IoT technology in healthcare: A review. Stud Health Technol Inform. 2022;294:277-278. doi: 10.3233/SHTI220455.

Omidian H. Synergizing blockchain and artificial intelligence to enhance healthcare. Drug Discov Today. 2024;29(9):104111. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.104111.

Dinc R, Ardic N. An evaluation of opportunities and challenges of blockchain technology in healthcare. Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2024;85(11):1-19. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2024.0355.

European Union Blockchain Observatory and Forum (2018). Blockchain and the GDPR. Thematic Report, 16 October 2018. European Commission. Available at: https://blockchain-observatory.ec.europa.eu/publications/blockchain-and-gdpr_en

Hylock RH, Zeng X. A blockchain framework for patient-centered health records and exchange (HealthChain): Evaluation and proof-of-concept study. J Med Internet Res. 2019;21(8):e13592. doi: 10.2196/13592.

Ateniese G, Magri B, Venturi D, Andrade ER. (2017). Redactable Blockchain – or – Rewriting History in Bitcoin and Friends. In 2017 IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (EuroS&P) (pp. 111–126). IEEE. Available at: https://eprint.iacr.org/2016/757.pdf

Ali A, Ali H, Saeed A, Ahmed Khan A, Tin TT, Assam M, et al. Blockchain-powered healthcare systems: Enhancing scalability and security with hybrid deep learning. Sensors (Basel). 2023;23(18):7740. doi: 10.3390/s23187740.

Li K, Lohachab A, Dumontier M, Urovi V. Privacy preservation in blockchain-based healthcare data sharing: A systematic review. Peer Peer Netw Appl. 2025;18(6):302. doi: 10.1007/s12083-025-02148-9.

Shahzad A, Chen W, Shaheen M, Zhang Y, Ahmad F. A robust algorithm for authenticated health data access via blockchain and cloud computing. PLoS One. 2024;19(9):e0307039. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0307039.

Caldarelli G. Understanding the blockchain oracle problem: A call for action. Information. 2020;11(11):509. doi: 10.3390/info11110509.

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Published

2026-07-22

How to Cite

Natoli, V., Tammacco, A., Mileti, F., & Natoli, V. (2026). Blockchain and Digital Healthcare: Promised Innovation or an Unfinished Revolution?. Al-Rafidain Journal of Medical Sciences ( ISSN 2789-3219 ), 11(1), 143–145. Retrieved from https://ajms.iq/index.php/ALRAFIDAIN/article/view/3147

Issue

Section

Letter to the editor

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