Endoscopic Ultrasound-Guided Fine Needle Aspiration Analysis of Pancreatic Cysts at Gastrointestinal and Liver Diseases Teaching Hospital in Sulaimani, Kurdistan Region, Iraq
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54133/ajms.v7i2.1473Keywords:
Endoscopic ultrasound, CA19-9, CA–125, Pancreatic cystsAbstract
Background: The extensive use of cross-sectional abdominal imaging (CT and MRI) has led to an increase in the occurrence of pancreatic cysts (PCs). Objectives: Identifying different forms of PC lesions, discriminating between malignant and benign cysts, and determining the prevalence of neoplastic and non-neoplastic PC. Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 120 individuals with pancreatic cystic lesions was conducted between February 2023 and February 2024. There are 45 men and 75 women. The lesions were detected by EUS, MRI, CT, and TAUS. All patients underwent an EUS-guided FNA. Cytology and tumor markers (CA19-9 and CA-125) were used to evaluate the aspirated specimens. Results: PCs were substantially more common in females (62.5%). Benign SCN was the most common kind (40%). Malignant cysts were detected in 35 patients (29.2%) (IPMN 62.9%), with men accounting for a statistically significant majority (71.4%). Malignant cysts significantly correlated with vomiting and weight loss (34.3% and 91.4%, respectively). CA-19-9 and CA-125 showed considerably larger elevations in malignant cysts than benign cysts (68.6% and 56.5%, respectively). EUS was the most effective imaging tool for cyst detection, with a sensitivity of 94.3% and a specificity of 91.8%, followed by MRI, CT scan, and TAUS. Conclusions: Females were more likely to have PCs, whereas males had more malignant cysts. The most common and benign kind of PC was SCN. The most common form of malignant PC was IPMN, and EUS was the most effective way to diagnose PCs.
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