Anti-inflammatory Role of Blocking the Renin-angiotensin System: Future Prospective

Abstract

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) was thought to be in charge of managing blood pressure and electrolytes. It has been established that angiotensin II is also responsible for controlling inflammation in addition to blood pressure and potassium levels. Angiotensin converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), angiotensins (1–7), angiotensins (1–9), and other additional RAS components have been identified, and have anti-angiotensin II effects. Both angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) are utilized as anti-hypertensive medications and protecting the heart and kidneys, and counteract the part played by Ang II in the initiation of inflammation. This review provides crucial details that help explain how ACEI and ARBs reduce inflammation. Using reliable websites like Google Scholar, PubMed, and ResearchGate, the most recent publications were reviewed. Search terms have included "RAS role of Ang II in inflammation," "influence of ACEI," and "effect of ARBs on PPAR-gamma." The data were gathered from controlled clinical trials, in vitro studies, and animal-based studies; preprints, article reviews, and meta-analysis studies were excluded. Both ACEIs and ARBs reduce inflammation via a variety of mechanisms, which explains their cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects. They reduce inflammation by modulating an inflammatory pathway through either similar or dissimilar mechanisms.